The rule of arrogance is one of the famous jurisprudential rules that, according to its common meaning, a person deceived by another's behavior has the right to refer to the deceiver for compensation, and the deceiver is held responsible for causing harm to him. Apart from the meaning that it is used in civil liability, arrogance also finds a different function in explaining criminal liability and its elements. Accordingly, the leading article, in order to examine the latter function, compares the position of the rule of arrogance in Iranian criminal law with the legal system of the country using a descriptive-analytical method. The results of the research show that arrogance in Iranian criminal law, in addition to referring the arrogant person to the deceiver, plays a role in explaining criminal liability as an independent crime, a description of criminal behavior, a means of committing a crime, an establishment of a reference relationship, an expression of criminal malice, an instance of complicity in a crime, and a factor in aggravating punishment.This approach has also been adopted in some laws and procedures in common law; however, its examples in some elements and crimes differ from the role of pride and deception in Iranian criminal law